Planning Report for the Computer Forensics Lab Essay

Planning Report for the Computer Forensics Lab - Essay Example On the other hand, the second administrative employee would assist the first administrative employee and would also serve as a ready hand replacement when the first administrative employee is absent. In addition to the above, these administrative employees would also be responsible for the safety and privacy of the computer data being investigated (Anderson et al., 2003). The technicians hired to do computer forensics work would be trained and qualified computer personnel geared to deal with forensics work. However, not all technicians hired to deal with computer forensics work would have the same amount of experience. Two of the technicians would possess at least five years or more of computer forensics experience while another technician would possess at least three years of computer forensics experience. The last two technicians would be recently qualified and lightly trained computer forensics experts that would train under the more senior technicians. This distribution of employ ee structure on the technical side would ensure that senior technicians are available to deal with the more complex work while new technicians are being trained to deal with future work. In case that the senior technicians leave at a later stage, there would always be backup in the form of more junior technicians. 2. Lab budget planning (what kind of facilities you want to acquire?) The lab’s budget would be split into two major heads namely being set up expenses and running expenses. The set up expenses would cover one time installation costs such as buying hardware, acquiring a place for the lab, electrical fittings etc. On the other hand, running expenses would comprise of regular expenses that could be expected to occur at the month’s end such as paying the utility bills, paying employee salaries, buying new hardware and software etc. As far as the set up costs are concerned, the major part of the expense would be the acquisition of fitting hardware for forensic pu rposes. In order to mitigate the expenses, a mix of new hardware and customizations would be introduced. The senior technicians would assemble certain pieces of hardware such as read write blockers in order to lower the amount of overall expense (Prosise & Mandia, 2003). Work stations would be acquired from branded companies such as Dell or HP. However, one work station for heavy duty purposes would be assembled in house from market acquired hardware in order to lower costs (Dominguez, 2007). The other major setting up expense would be acquiring a place to set up the lab as well as acquiring the furniture and electrical fittings such as cables and extension cords etc. The typical running expenses of a forensics lab would include the salaries of employees, any new hardware or software purchases, utility bills and the rent of the acquired lab. When the lab is being set up, the running expense would be covered by having at least six months worth of running expenses in hand in order to deal with slow business at start up. 3. Certificate / training plan Previously there was little trend for proper certification and training for computer forensics work. However, the need for training and qualification in the computer forensics field has gone up significantly. At this point in time there are a number of

What is Enlightenment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

What is Enlightenment - Essay Example Kant refers to those who have taken the role of reasoning for the rest of the lazy society as â€Å"benevolent guardians†. Kant argues that freedom is the most fundamental ingredient for enlightenment. He states further that hindrances to enlightenment were not only individual-imposed but also societal. Religion and laws were among the many ways in which society restricted free-thinking among the people. Religion and laws to some point offered threats to people to bar them from practicing free-thinking. However, there came a time when some few individuals started seeking ways to remove the societal obstacles to enlightenment. Kant calls this period â€Å"an age of enlightenment† and it occurred in the late eighteenth century. Kant believes that as the society allowed more freedom to the people, the people became more enlightened. He, therefore, defines enlightened age as the age when the people started practicing freedom of rational thinking and self-determination pursuit. According to Kant, in as much as he did agree to some point that revolution could bring freedom, there are many other ways to freedom. He states that revolution only replaced â€Å"old prejudices ones†. He says that to experience harmony whereby the society functions optimally, individuals needed to narrow their reason to the betterment of their societal roles. He believed that this was necessary as far as harmony was required, and indeed it is required and he referred to it as the private reason. Kant elaborates this by giving an example of an office concentrating on a law instead of obedience to it. Kant further states that private reason is counterbalanced by public reason. In public reason, individuals do not have the freedom to think and act on their own. They depend on scholars who practice the private reason for ideas and thoughts. He illustrates that â€Å"private reasoning makes one pay tax whereas

Sr Research Experiment Builder

Sr Research Experiment Builder The SR Research Experiment Builder SREB is a visual experiment creation tool for use by Psychologists and Neuroscientists. The SREB is designed to be easy to use while maintaining a high degree of flexibility. This unique design combination allows for a wide range of experimental paradigms to be created by someone with little or no programming or scripting expertise. When used in combination with the SR Research EyeLink ® eye tracking system, the SREB provides seamless integration into the EyeLink hardware and software platform. Experiments are created in the Experiment Builder by dragging and dropping experiment components into a workspace and configuring the properties of the added components. There are two main classes of experiment components in the Experiment Builder: Actions and Triggers. Actions tell the computer to do something, like displaying a set of graphics on the screen or playing a sound. Triggers define the conditions that must be met before an action can be performed. The flow of the experiment is achieved by connecting sequentially related components in the workspace in a flow diagram like fashion. One of the important concepts in SR Research Experiment Builder is hierarchical organization of events in an experiment. A typical experiment can be dissected into several levels along a hierarchy of Experiment à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Blocks à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Trials à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Trial Runtime / Recording. All of the events within each level of this hierarchy can be conveniently wrapped in a loop (called sequence or sub-graph in Experiment Builder). This allows the whole sequence to be connected to other objects as a unit and be repeated several times in a row. Creating EyeLink Experiments To create an Experiment with SR Research Experiment Builder, the user needs to take the following the following steps: Experiment Design Building and Test-running Experiment Deploying Experiment Participant Data Set Randomization Data Collection Data Analysis Following these, a set of files are generated so that the experiment can be run for data collection without relying on the Experiment Builder application. To illustrate the use of Experiment Builder, a very simple eye-tracking experiment can be shown which runs three blocks of four trials. In each trial, a single word is displayed in the centre of the screen. Creating a New Experiment Session Click on the Experiment Builder to start a new session. When the application starts: Click on File à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¾ New on the application menu bar. In the following New Project dialog box, enter Simple in the Project Name edit box. Click on the button on the right end of the Project Location to browse to the directory where the experiment project should be saved. If you are manually entering the Project Location field, please make sure that the intended directory already exists. Make sure that EyeLink Experiment box is checked for an EyeLink experiment. Note: The user shouldnt manually add or remove files in the experiment directory. Configuring Experiment Preference Settings After a new experiment session is created, the user needs to check whether the default display and screen preference settings are fine for the experiment to be created. Select Edit à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¾ Preferences from the application menu bar or press the F4 key. Click on Preferences à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¾ Experiment à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¾ Devices à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¾ Display to check display settings. Make sure that the settings (Width, Height, Bits per Pixel, and Refresh Rate) used are supported by your video card and monitor. Click on Preferences à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¾ Screen to check Screen Builder settings. Set the Location Type as Center Position. If any of the above settings have been changed and if you want to keep the new settings as defaults for all of your future experiments, click on the button save properties as default. Creating Experiment Block Sequence The first step is to add a block sequence for repeating blocks: Click on the Experiment Tab in the Project Explorer Window to start. Click on the Action Tab of component toolbox. Select the Sequence node, hold down the left mouse button and drag it into the work area. Place the mouse cursor on top of the START node; hold down the left mouse button while moving the mouse cursor on top of the SEQUENCE node. This makes the connection from the START node to SEQUENCE node. (Note: dont make a single or double click on the START node as this will select the node instead. If you have done so, place the mouse cursor on a blank area in the work space and make a single click there. Redo the current step again.) Click on any blank area in the work window. Click the right mouse button and select Arrange Layout in the popup menu. This will re-arrange the nodes in a hierarchical fashion. Click on the SEQUENCE node in the structure list to continue. Editing Block Sequence Next, one will need to edit the properties of the Block Sequence. This involves changing the Label of the sequence to make it more meaningful and changing the iteration count (total number of times a sequence must be executed) to the actual number of blocks to be tested. Click on the value field of the Label property of the Sequence created. Write BLOCK in the text editor and press the ENTER key to finish. Click on the Iteration Count value field and enter 3 as the total number of sequence loops. In the experiment Work Space, double click on the Sequence object to continue. In each block, one has to first give an instruction, perform a camera setup, calibration, and then run the trials (an example has been given below) Click on the Action Tab of the component toolbox, select the Display screen action, hold down the left mouse button and drag the action into the work area. Click on the Trigger Tab of the component toolbox, select the Keyboard trigger, hold down the left mouse button and drag the action into the work area. Add an EyeLink © Button trigger to the work space. Add a Timer trigger to the work space. Click on the Timer trigger and set the duration to 20000 msec. Click on the Action Tab of the component toolbox and add a Camera Setup action to the work space. Click on the action and set the Background Color to white (255, 255, 255). Click on the Action Tab of toolbox and add a Sequence node to the work space. This will be our trial sequence. Place the mouse cursor on top of the START node. Hold down the left mouse button while moving the mouse on top of the DISPLAY_SCREEN node. This makes the connection from the start node to the DISPLAY_SCREEN node. Similarly, connect from DISPLAY_SCREEN to KEYBOARD, EL_BUTTON, TIMER triggers. Note that a number is added to these connections, indicating the evaluation order among the three trigger types. Make the connection from the latter three triggers to the EL_CAMERA_SETUP node and from EL_CAMERA_SETUP to the SEQUENCE node. Click at any blank area in the work window. Click the right mouse button and select Arrange Layout in the popup menu. This will re-arrange the nodes in an orderly fashion. Double click on the DISPLAY_SCREEN object in the work space (not from the structure list) until the Screen Builder interfaces displayed in the Graph Editor Window. Creating Instruction Screen The user may want to provide instruction to the participants at the beginning of the experiment. This can be done by creating an image file containing the experiment instructions and then using DISPLAY_SCREEN action to show the image. The instruction text can also be created with the multiline text resource. In the current example, multiline text resource text source is used. Click on the multiline text resource button on the screen builder toolbar to select the type of resource to be added. Click anywhere on the screen. In the following Multiline Text Resource Editor: Enter the instruction text. Press CTRL + A to select all text entered. Click the Margins button box to set the text margins. Enter 100 (or desired value) in all fields. Click the OK button on the dialog box. Make sure that the text is still selected. Now click the buttons on the toolbar to set the desired text appearance (font name, font size, font style, alignment style, line spacing, and text colour). Click on the Close button at the top right corner of the dialog to finish. To work with images instead of texts: The image resource is flexible enough to accommodate various modes of displaying (e.g., original image size vs. stretched, top-left aligned or centred). The following discusses the option of displaying images in original size or stretching it to a specific dimension. To display the image in original size, after the image is added to the display, the user should have Use Original Size field of the image checked. Please note that, enabling that field will also make several attributes read-only (Width, Height, Clipping Location, Clipping Width, Clipping Height, and Clipping Area is Gaze Contingent). To stretch all images to a fixed width and height (1024 ÃÆ'- 768 for example), after the image is added to the display, the user should first make sure that the Use Original Size field is unchecked. Check the values of Width and Height fields of sample image added and adjust them if necessary. In addition, the user may need to check the values of Clipping Location, Clipping Width and Clipping Height attributes, which are used to control the part of the image to be shown. By default, the clipping width and height are the same as the image width and height. Please note that the clipping location is always top-left based and the location is relative to the top-left corner of the image. If images are stretched to different dimensions, the user should add two columns in the experiment data source to specify the desired image width and height. After the sample image is added to the display, the user should refer the width, height, clip width, and clip height of the image to the two columns created in the data source. Editing Trial Sequence: Data Source Next, one will have to work on the sequence, which will contain all necessary triggers and actions in each trial. One would also have to create a data source to be used for setting parameters in individual trials. Click on the last SEQUENCE node on the structure list to start. In the property table, click on the value field of LABEL. Set it to TRIAL. Click on the Data Source property to bring up Data Source Editor. Click on the Add Column button. In the following dialog box, type Trial (without quotation marks) in the Column Name editor box and set Column type as Number. Click OK button to finish. Click on the Add Column button again. Set the Column Name as Word and Column type as String. Click OK button to finish. Click on the Add Row button. Enter the desired number (here 12) in the Number of Rows edit box to generate the number of rows of empty cells (here 12). Click on the empty cells of the table just generated. For this example, the values of the Trial column are set as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12. For the word column, the following strings have been used: One, Two, Three, Four, till Twelve. Click on the Split by value field. Enter a value (here [4]. This makes sure that only 4 trials are run in each block.) Double click on the TRIAL sequence node in the structure list. Click on Start node under it to continue. Editing Trial Sequence: Preparing Sequence and Drift Correction Each recording trial should begin with a prepare sequence action, followed by a drift correction action, and then by the actual trial recording. The prepare sequence action allows the user to preload the image files or audio clips for real-time image drawing or sound playing, to draw feedback graphics on the Host PC to evaluate participants performance, and to reinitialize trigger settings. The user should typically call this action before performing a drift correction. Click on the Action Tab of the component toolbox, select the Prepare Sequence action, hold down the left mouse button and drag the action into the work space. Click on the added PREPARE SEQUENCE action and review the settings in the property table. Make sure to check Draw To EyeLink Host field is set to IMAGE or PRIMITIVE. This will draw image or simple graphics on the host screen for the purpose of evaluating gaze accuracy. Add a Drift Correction action from the action tab of the component toolbox. Click on the Action Tab of toolbox, select the Sequence node, hold down the left mouse button and drag it into the work space. Make a connection from the START node to PREPARE_SEQUENCE, from PREPARE_SEQUENCE to DRIFT_CORRECTION, and from DRIFT_CORRECT to the SEQUENCE node. Click on any blank area in the Work Space. Click the right mouse button and select Arrange Layout in the popup menu to re-arrange the nodes in an orderly fashion. Double click on the newly created sequence to fill in the actual events in the recording. Editing Recording Sequence In a simple recording sequence, one has to display a screen and then wait for a button press response from the participant. The trial times out automatically if no response is made within a user specified time interval in seconds. The display screen is then cleared. Select the newly added Sequence node. Rename the label as RECORDING. Make sure that the Record and Is Real time checkboxes are checked. Double click on the RECORDING node in the structure list until seeing a START node under it. As we double click on the START node, the content of the work area window is also updated. Click on the Action Tab of the component toolbox, select the display screen action, hold down the left mouse button and drag the action into the work area. Click on the Triggers Tab of toolbox, select the TIMER node, hold down the left mouse button and drag the trigger into the work space. Double click on the Timer object. Enter Time out (without quote) in the Message value field and 10000 (time in ms) in the duration field. Add an EyeLink © Button trigger. Add another display screen action. Double click on the action and modify its label as DISPLAY_BLANK. Also uncheck the Send EyeLink DV Message box. Make a connection from the START node to DISPLAY_SCREEN, from DISPLAY_SCREEN to TIMER, from DISPLAY_SCREEN to EL_BUTTON, from TIMER to DISPLAY_BLANK and from EL_BUTTON to DISPLAY_BLANK. Click at any blank area in the work space, then click the right mouse button and select Layout à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ in the popup menu. Click ok in the following dialog box. This will re-arrange the nodes in an orderly fashion. Modifying Properties of Display Screen One must first need to check the property settings of the display screen actions. For better Data Viewer integration and for reaction time calculation, a message should be written to the EDF file to indicate the time when the stimulus was visible to the participants. In addition, one may need to draw simple graphics onto the host screen so that the participants gaze accuracy during recording can be evaluated. Click on the DISPLAY_SCREEN node. In the property window of the action, double click on the value field of Message property. Type in SYNCTIME and then press ENTER key to register the change. Make sure that the Send EyeLink © DV Messages and Use for Host Display properties are checked. Select the DISPLAY_BLANK action. Double click on the value field of Message property. Type in blank_screen and then press ENTER key to register the change. Make sure that both Send EyeLink © DV Messages and Use for Host Display checkboxes for the DISPLAY_BLANK action is unchecked. Creating Display Screen In here, one has to add a text resource to the display screen and modify the properties of the text resource, such as font name, size, text to be displayed, and alignment style. One also must have to create an interest area for the text. To do this, first double click on the DISPLAY_SCREEN object in the work space, until the screen builder interface is displayed in the Graph Editor Window. Click on the Insert Text Resource button on the Screen Builder tool bar, and click at any position in the work area. Double click on the current value of Font Name (New Times Roman). This will bring up a dropdown list. Set the new font name as Arial (or any other). Double click on the current value of Font Size (20). Enter the desired text size (40) in the text editor. Double click on the far right end of the value field of the Text property. This will bring up an attribute editor dialog. Click on DataSource node under TRIAL sequence on the node selection list. Double click on the word node in the node attributes window. This will update the contents of Attribute editor dialog as @[emailprotected]. Click on the OK button to finish. Check the Use Runtime Word Segment box. This will create interest area automatically for the text used. Select the newly added text resource, click on both Horizontal Center Alignment and Vertical Center Alignment buttons to place the text in the center of the screen. Select the text resource on the work area, click the right mouse button, and select the Lock Selection option so that the resource will not be moved accidentally. Writing Trial ID to EDF file A TRIALID message should be written to the EDF file so that the actual experiment condition under which the trial was conducted can be identified during analysis. Click on the Experiment (the topmost) node in the structure list to start. In the property table, click on the value field of the EyeLink © DV Variables property. In the following dialog box, for each of the variables to be added to the trial ID message, select the variable and click the ADD button. The order of the selected variables can be modified with the Move up and Move down buttons. Click on OK to finish. Showing Experiment Progress Message on Tracker Screen During trial recording, a text message can be displayed at the bottom of the tracker screen so that the experimenter can be informed of the experiment progress. For example, in this experiment, a text message like Trial 1/12 One on the tracker screen was shown. Click on the Recording sequence node in the structure list to start. In the property panel, click on the far right end of the value field of the EyeLink © Record Status Message property. In the attribute editor, enter an equation as: =Trial + str(@[emailprotected]) + /12 +str(@[emailprotected]) Click on the OK button to finish. Building the Experiment Click on Experiment à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¾ Build menu to build the experiment. The Editor Selection Tab in the Graph Editor Window will be set to the Output tab and build information will be displayed. Watch out for error (displayed in red) and warning (in brown) messages during building. The following is a list of common errors during experiment building: Image file not found No positions are added to the custom pattern Use of runtime value with pre-build to image option on No value is set at row for the column The node could not be used in the sequence Reference to not found in the graph. No link from node. Infinite loop found Invalid Reference. No recording sequence found in an EyeLink © experiment. The following is a list of common warnings during experiment building: The keyboard trigger and mouse trigger is used in a real-time sequence. If this is the case, check whether these two triggers are indispensable for the experiment design. If so, uncheck the Is Real-time box in the recording sequence. Default value use in attribute The user may also test the experiment by clicking on Experiment à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¾ Run from the application menu-bar. This will try to connect to the tracker PC and execute the experiment code. It should be noted that this should only be used for the purpose of testing and debugging experiment code. To collect experiment data, the user should use the deployed version of the experiment as it does not have to rely on the Experiment Builder application and can be run on a different computer. Deploying the Experiment After the experiment is built, the user must deploy the experiment to a new. This will generate a set of files so that the experiment can be run on a different computer without relying on the Experiment Builder application. If a data source is used, this will create a datasets subdirectory with a copy of data set file in it. The user can create several copies of data set files with the randomizer application Running the Experiment To run the experiment, open the directory where the experiment is deployed to and click on .exe. If the EyeLink © host application is already running on the Host PC and the Ethernet connection and settings between the host and Display PCs are ok, the experiment should now start. This will first popup a dialog box asking for the data source file. Go to the datasets directory and select the target data source file. Following this, enter the desired EDF file name (must be in DOS 8.3 format) and click on the OK button to continue. Following the initial welcome message, the participant will be shown the camera setup and calibration screen and the recording can be started following calibration, validation, and drift correction. After the experiment has ended; an EDF file will be transferred to the Display PC. It may take some time to complete the file transfer. Possible Errors Error in Initializing Graphics: When you start the experiment and see an Error Initializing Graphics error, please check whether the display settings (screen resolution, colour bits, and refresh rate) specified for the experiment are supported by your video card. If not, please change the Preferences à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Experiment à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Devices à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Display settings. Error in Tracker Version: SR Research Experiment Builder works well with both EyeLink and EyeLink II eye trackers. The default tracker version is set to EyeLink II (see Preferences à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Experiment à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Devices à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ EyeLink). Therefore, EyeLink I users may see such an error message with the default tracker setting. If this is the case, please set the tracker-version in the device settings to EyeLink I. Participant Data Set Randomization In most experiments, the user will need to randomize trial order so that the experiment materials are not presented in the same sequence across participants. Randomization of data source can be done with either an internal randomizer or an external randomizer. These two randomization methods are almost identical and therefore the user may use the internal randomizer to perform randomization unless counterbalancing or Latin-square designs are needed. The configuration of the internal randomization settings should be done before deploying the experiment project whereas the external randomization can be done after deploying the experiment project. Data Collection Data can now be collected from the deployed version of the experiment. Double click on the executable file in the deployed experiment directory or type in the .exe file name from the command-line prompt. If the experiment uses a data source, a dialog will be displayed, allowing the user to choose the appropriate data source file. In an EyeLink © Experiment, the user will also be asked to enter the experiment session name. At the End of experiment, an EDF file will be generated for EyeLink © recording session and saved in the experiment directory. Optional result file(s) will be created if the user has specified them in EyeLink © and non-EyeLink © experiments. Data Analysis EyeLink © recording file can be conveniently analyzed with EyeLink © Data Viewer as the experiments created with Experiment Builder are fully integrated with this analysis tool. Experiment Builder sends messages to the data file so that images or simple drawing can be added as overlay background. The user can also specify trial variables, create interest areas, and send messages for the ease of data analysis. The result file(s) from a non-EyeLink © recording session contains columnar outputs for selected variables in the experiment. This file can be easily loaded by common statistics packages. Lists of Application Menu Bar and Toolbar File Menu and Tool Buttons Edit Menu and Tool Buttons Experiment Menu and Tool Buttons Help Menu Lists of Actions, Triggers and Other Node Types Actions Triggers Other Node Types

Katherine and Bianca of The Taming of the Shrew :: Taming Shrew Essays

Katherine and Bianca of The Taming of the Shrew The Taming of the Shrew brings out the comedic side of Shakespeare where irony and puns carry the play throughout. In my paper, I will concentrate on one the irony of the play, the introduction of the two sisters. These two sisters begin off with the elder, Katherine, viewed as a shrew, and Bianca as the angelic younger of the two. However, as the play proceeds, we begin to see the true sides of the two sisters and their roles totally turn around. I will try to analyze the method in which Shakespeare introduces the two sisters and how he hints their true identity and the events for the rest of the play during the first two acts. Although even her father calls her a shrew, Katherine has a deeper character than the epithet would imply. From the beginning we see that she is continually placed second in her father's affections, and despised by all others. Bianca on the other hand, is identified as the favorite, playing the long-suffering angel, increasing Baptisa's distinction between the two. As Katherine recognizes her sister's strategy, her reaction is as one can imagine how another would react suffering this type of bias for so many years. She is hurt and she seeks revenge. This is seen in Act II, Scene I, when Katherine sums up her own state: "I will go sit and weep/ Till I can find occasion of revenge" (35-36). It is an immature response, but the only one she knows, and it serves the dual purpose of cloaking her hurt. The transformation, which she undergoes near the end of the play, is not one of character, but one of attitude. At the end of the play, we find out that her negative attitude becomes a positive one. The shrew is not a shrew at all beneath the surface. The play begins introducing Katherine with her father's words of shame towards her when he offers his eldest daughter to the two suitors of Bianca. The audience is then given their first impression of Katherine from the Gremio, a suitor of Bianca, right after her father's words when he says: "To cart her, rather.

The Devils Highway

This project Walk this Way was actually a really good experiment. It wasn't that hard nor that simple. You still had to apply everything you learned In math and be accurate with the numbers. Starting with the measurements of your leg to the time amount of time you walk in. Your accuracy had to be at a minimum range of numbers. Answering question number 8 in the worksheet I believe in some of them the formula predicted the maximum speed of walking. Not in all but it was accurate in most.It's nice to see you can get an accurate time with just applying math in it and trying to predict a very good level of walking. The way the project was set up itself was an amazing way to learn new things about human nature and about math at the same time. The procedures we used were for one making a student go outside of the classroom and count 60 tiles (since it is 1 foot each) and from where he started he put tape and from where he ended he put tape. We then separated into groups tot 10 in total to be an even class so we can start tot the experiment.During the time that was going on we chose who was going to be the recorder, the measurer, and the mummer. With my group Japan was the measurer, Angora was the recorder, and I was the timer. Finally going outside we got to work and the people walking would start from the tape and have to end to the other side where the other tape was. You notice how some people walk at a slow pace and other at more faster one. It isn't as difficult to do the math problems. If it wasn't explained to us It would've been difficult to understand. But I love how this project is/was.It entertained me more than I thought it would Especially when walking down to the other side of the tape. What I found most difficult was putting the second set of points in the same scatter plot. Didn't know how to do It since I'm no wiz at the computer. At the end I did end up figuring it out when trying to mess around with the stuff in excel. I found the way to do it and I did. So that was a good thing to me. To be honest I think it wasn't hard to get precise measurements. You Just have to know how to do the formula and round if you need to.Yes you may think it isn't the same as the time you walked and the time you were suppose to walk because then again it isn't always going to be perfect at the end. You will end up seeing more than enough different times. There really isn't enough accuracy toward anything. If I had the opportunity to alter the experiment to improve the results I would make the kids walk in a speed walk pace. I would want to see If you get the precise measurement at the end. You would want to notice If it was correct or not. Testing both walks normal and speed walk should've been done.That way you can compare both times and say which are the most accurate out of the two. The Devils Highway By sashays Walk This Way February 1, 2013 This project Walk this Way was actually a really good experiment. It wasn't that hard nor that simple. You still had to apply everything you learned in math and be accurate in most. It's nice to see you can get an accurate time with Just applying math groups of 10 in total to be an even class so we can start off the experiment. During and the timer. With my group Japan was the measurer, Angora was the recorder, andYou notice how some people walk at a slow pace and other at more faster one. It isn't as difficult to do the math problems. If it wasn't explained to us it would've been than I thought it would. Especially when walking down to the other side of the tape. Plot. I didn't know how to do it since I'm no wiz at the computer. At the end I did end To be honest I think it wasn't would want to see if you get the precise measurement at the end. You would want to notice if it was correct or not. Testing both walks normal and speed walk should've

Comparing and Contrasting Beowulf and Odysseus Essay

The characters of Beowulf and Odysseus can be considered a contrast between ice and fire wherein one and is violent and uses its strength to consume and subdue while the other is cool and calculating preferring a patient yet affective approach to solving problems. When referring to the characteristics of fire and ice I am referring to Beowulf as fire and Odysseus as ice this is due to the fact that Beowulf uses his brute strength and force of will to combat his foes while Odysseus uses his cunning and wit to trick his foes into submissions. Analysis of Beowulf In the epic of Beowulf, he conquers and defeats 3 enemies, first is Grendel, then the mother of Grendel then finally a dragon. In all three instances Beowulf comes out on top not through using his mind rather by using his enormous strength. In the fight between him and Grendel he used his bare hands to kill the creature since no mortal weapon could supposedly kill it, when fighting the mother of Grendel he was able to escape death due to the armor he was wearing and was able to defeat the creature through the sheer luck of finding a massive sword nearby capable of beheading it. Towards the end of the epic when Beowulf fought the dragon he was able to defeat it only at the cost of his own life and this was due to the fact that his men abandoned him when they saw the fearsomeness of the dragon. From all these examples you can see that Beowulf is a character similar to that of Hercules in Greek mythology who is a slave to his emotions, uses his brute strength to solve problems instead of his brains and in the end succumbs to death by means of fire (Hercules died on a funeral pyre while Beowulf was mortally wounded by a dragon which is an embodiment of fire). We can conclude that in a sense Beowulf was a powerful hero who was famous for his strength but not for his brains, this particular characteristic might be due to the fact that since epic of Beowulf was Germanic in origin and the area at the time of the poems writing was a harsh wasteland the poem embodied elements that would have been relatable to people at the time who valued strength to endure the harsh the environment rather than intelligences. Analysis of Odysseus Odysseus is presented in both the story of Troy and that of the Odysseus as a person who possessed a modicum of great strength but was more famous for his wisdom and intellect. In the story of Troy he was the one who devised the means of entering the gated city by using a massive wooden horse that contained hidden troops that able to enter the city walls, open the gate and let the invasions force in. Throughout the Odyssey we see that Odyssey continuously uses hs mind to escape dire situations, from his escape from the Cyclops that tried to eat him and his men, to charming the witch Circe, to convincing the Phaeacians to lend him a boat to get back to Ithaca, throughout the story we see how Odysseus uses his mind to triumph and escape from most situations. In a sense we can say that Odysseus is the embodiment of a hero that the ancient Greeks admired since he possessed all the qualities that they valued namely an intelligent mind, great strength and above all empathy for his fellow man. Analysis of Beowulf and Odysseus All in all both characters were embodiments of the traits valued by the regions where their tales emerged as such you can say that both Beowulf and Odysseus were ideals that the local populace in their regions wanted to become or live up to. In the end both heroes have their own defining traits and it isn’t exactly a case of who is the better hero but rather who better embodied the spirit of the region they were created in. List of References Hamilton, Edith. â€Å"Mythology Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes. † (1942). Warner Books, New York. â€Å"The Incredible Voyage of Ulysses. † Publishers Weekly 257. 8 (2010): 65. KAKUTANI, MICHIKO. â€Å"Odysseus Engages In Spin, Heroically. † New York Times (2010): 1 Clausen, Christopher. â€Å"Epic Distinction. † Archaeology 63. 2 (2010): 8. Moen, Christine Boardman. â€Å"Stepping into the Classics. † Book Links 19. 3 (2010): 43-46.

Enlightenment Notes essays

Enlightenment Notes essays The Enlightenment, or The Age of Reason -all of a sudden, people took all they were learning about science and decided to apply it to society -absolute monarchy, constitutional monarchy, or something else, people experiment to discover which one works best -people collect data, they study it, analyze it, and record it, then come to a conclusion - first man to do this was John Hobbes -he is an English subject, defended concept of absolute monarch -Hobbes wrote something dramatic that ticked a lot of people off, we give up our rights to the government in order to have a society with law and order -another guy says that everything Hobbes said is wrong -he is John Locke, says they should ditch monarchys completely - all people are born with natural rights, natural rights are the right to life, liberty, and ownership of property -a government should protect the natural rights of its people -Locke then says that the people have the right to rebel, if the government does not -American Revelution was based on this thought 3 guys head of the French Philosophes, Diderot, Voltaire (second estate), Montesquieu Voltaire writes satires, were hugely popular, wrote Candide (made fun of nobles, beausuazi, peasents, Catholic church, every part of french society) Diderot compiled very first Encyclopedia Montesquieu- says if we get rid of the king, we can have a government like this, 3 branches, checks and balances, separation of power, legislative, executive, judicial, legislative, make laws, executive carry out laws, judicial will interpret laws 3 philosofes (Voltaire, Diderot, Montesqueiu) would meet various places, salons, coffee houses, debate topics and go off and write about them Jeane Jacque Rousseau was a poor bay in Switzerland, snuck into school, first day of school, teacher introduces him and all the kids start to laugh because he didnt have any shoes, teachers and students rej...

Obscenity Law in the United States & Great Britain essays

Obscenity Law in the United States & Great Britain essays It was until the enlightenment in the 18th century in Britain when nearly all governments along with powerful churches with few exceptions, censored words and ideas considered by them threatening to their supremacy, meaning, for the most part, that words and ideas were considered to be rebellious or blasphemous (Bartlett, 1991). While, in the mid-19th century, United States took its cue from England, and started the official suppression of books and ideas which was not about politics or religion but had sexuality as its subject that in turn was a political subject, since the targets were ideas and information that had threatened domineering attitudes about women's role, social control of sexual behavior and reproduction (Bartlett, 1991). Obscenity Laws Formation in the United States Through passage of laws against "obscenity" this new structure of official government censorship was achieved. The combination of three social factors produced first obscenity laws; that are as follows (Balkin, Victorian-era official morality: this particular factor had its concerns with the attitudes about women's sexual nature or lack The second factor was the fear of corruption by detective stories, novels and other famous literature among newly literate working class Another factor seen by leaders of the middle and upper classes was threaten to the institution of marriage that was facilitating sex for pleasure rather than procreation. Thus, to institutionalize and control sexuality, particularly birth control and abortion information was carried out by means this law (Balkin, 1993). These factors became part of a larger political struggle while the Victorian era was not all button-down prudery; theories of re...

9 Things You Didn’t Know About Für Elise

9 Things You Didn’t Know About Fà ¼r Elise SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips From its first repeating notes, Fà ¼r Elise is instantly recognizable. It may even be the most famous melody ever written! But did you know that when Beethoven first drafted this short piano piece, he stuffed it in a drawer, never to be seen in his lifetime? Curious how it went from forgotten trifle to universally known? Wondering what exactly makes it such an unforgettable earworm? Need some tips on learning to play this piece? Then keep reading for everything you've ever wanted to know about one of Beethoven's best-known masterpieces. Fà ¼r Elise: The Basics Ludwig van Beethoven wrote Fà ¼r Elise 1810 as a small piece for the piano, and then put it aside with his many other draft works. We only have it because a musicologist found it and published it in 1867! And it's a good thing for us that Fà ¼r Elise was finally found! Its first five notes (alternating E and D-sharp) have become as famous as the booming da-da-da-dum first notes of Beethoven’s 5th Symphony. Why has this piece been so popular ever since its publication? Musically, Fà ¼r Elise is deeply melodic and full of nostalgic feeling, with a relatively simple harmony that makes it very accessible and not overly intellectually demanding. At the same time, because its first part is easy even for a beginner piano player to learn, but is also beautiful, it is often assigned by piano teachers the world over, perpetuating its fame. And finally, the romantic and mysterious possibilities of its name make us wonder about the identity of Elise and the love life of its composer! Where Can I Listen to Fà ¼r Elise? Before diving into the history and background of this piece, here are some versions that will give you a great sense of the range of interpretations out there. Start with this straightforward Fà ¼r Elise piano recording: [embed]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ECRYcXtEg[/embed] Then, you can explore interesting takeoffs, samples, and modifications. On the piano, there is a great blues-imbued version, as well as a ragtime version. At the same time, the piece's arpeggios make it a popular choice for classical guitar interpretations like this one. Because Fà ¼r Elise is so incredibly popular, there are a million and one versions of it on YouTube. Do a quick search and check out the versions played by wildly talented four-year-old prodigies! I wouldn't be surprised if there's a cat-playing-violin version out there somewhere. The History of Fà ¼r Elise In 1810, when he was 40 years old, Ludwig van Beethoven was already renowned as one of the greatest composers of all time. He was also already plagued by the horrible tinnitus that preceded his eventual deafness. Although the very next year he stopped performing in public altogether, he never stopped composing. On April 27th, 1810, Beethoven drafted a bagatelle - a small, unimportant song - and jotted the label "Fà ¼r Elise" on it in his famously messy handwriting. But he never published this piece of music. Instead, it sat in a drawer until 1822, when Beethoven revised it slightly, and shoved it back into the same drawer. In 1827, Beethoven died, and his bagatelle never saw the light of day. It was only in 1867, 40 years after Beethoven's death, that a musicologist named Ludwig Nohl found the piece of music and published it. Who Was Elise? Remember how I told you that Beethoven jotted the words "Fà ¼r Elise" on his final draft of the sheet music? Well, it turns out that we only know this from Ludwig Nohl, the man who found and published the piece. The actual final draft itself is missing! Not only that, but no distinct records, letters, or accounts from people at the time make mention of an "Elise" in Beethoven's life. So who was the mysterious Elise that Beethoven apparently dedicated this music to? There is no conclusive answer to this question. There are several theories, however, which I will lay out in order of most to least likely. Theory #1: "Elise" Was Beethoven's "One That Got Away" Beethoven had a doomed love affair with a woman named Therese Malfatti. She was his student, and he fell in love with her right around the time of the composition of Fà ¼r Elise. We aren't quite sure exactly how they broke up, but we do know that he proposed, and she either said no right away, or strung him along for a while and then said no. Either way, Therese then married someone else. So, the most popular theory is that our friend Ludwig Nohl misread Beethoven’s messy handwriting, and that in reality, the piece was labeled "Fà ¼r Therese" not "Fà ¼r Elise." Theory #2: "Elise" Was Beethoven's Opera Singer BFF A few years before writing Fà ¼r Elise, Beethoven became friends with an opera singer named Elisabeth Rà ¶ckel, whose nickname may well have been Elise (Elizabeth to Elise doesn't seem to be that much of a stretch, but we don't have any documentary evidence that anyone actually did call her Elise). Beethoven and Rockel were close friends until she married Beethoven's frenemy, Johann Nepomuk Hummel. Perhaps Fà ¼r Elise was written in the midst of this friendship - or as a way of saying good-bye. Theory #3: "Elise" Was One of Therese Malfatti's Friends The least likely scenario is that Beethoven wrote the piece for another woman nicknamed Elise - Juliane Katharine Elisabet Barensfeld, who used "Elise" as a variant first name. She was a musical child prodigy who was Therese Malfatti's neighbor and conceivably could have been her student. This theory holds that Beethoven was willing to do anything for his one great love, Therese, including writing a quick piece of music for one of her favorites. Since there's not enough evidence to prove it conclusively, we should probably use Occam’s razor for this one. To whom is a sad, longing love song dedicated? Probably to the lost love of Beethoven's life, Therese. What Does the Title of Fà ¼r Elise Mean? The full title of Beethoven's piece of music is Fà ¼r Elise: Bagatelle in A minor WoO 59. In reality, the stuff after the colon is the official title, and "Fà ¼r Elise" is just a nickname for the piece. This is because musical compositions have a specific naming system that references type, key, and a numbering system. Let's unpack each of the components of this title separately. Fà ¼r Elise. The words â€Å"Fà ¼r Elise† mean â€Å"for Elise† in German. Bagatelle. This is the piece of music's type (other types include sonatas, etudes, symphonies, and so on). A bagatelle is a short, lighthearted, and generally frivolous piece of music. Similar words have also been used to describe this piece. Sometimes the title uses the word "Albumblatt," which means "album leaf" - a short, pleasant, usually solo piano piece that friends could easily share by pasting into each other's musical albums. More rarely, you might find Fà ¼r Elise labeled as a "Klavierstà ¼cke" which is simply German for "piano piece." A Minor. "A" stands for the music's key, indicating the scale - the set of notes divided by regular intervals - that the piece uses. In this case, Fà ¼r Elise is based on the scale that is anchored by the A key. Keys are divided into major and minor, depending on the intervals between the notes used in the scale. Here, the minor key is a technical way to convey which notes should be played higher or lower than the corresponding natural notes. It also tells us about the musicality of the piece. In Western music, music in a minor key sounds sad, helping with the sense of longing and wistfulness that characterizes the melody. WoO 59. Usually, composers number their published pieces of music, using the Latin term "opus" (which means "work") and whatever number followed in sequence from the last piece of the same type. However, not only did Beethoven not number Fà ¼r Elise, but he really only gave opus numbers to his most significant published pieces. Because of this, much of his work has been assigned numbers by later publishers, using the German term "werk ohne opuszahl" (meaning "work without opus number" and abbreviated as WoO) and a number in sequence. So, in this case, WoO 59 means that Fà ¼r Elise was the 59th bagatelle to be published that hadn't been given a number by Beethoven himself. Fà ¼r Elise Musical Analysis Now that we've explored the history and romance behind the work, let's check out what's under the hood. How is Fà ¼r Elise Structured? As we already saw from its title, this piece is in the key of A minor. It's time signature is 3/8, so there are 3 beats in each measure and each eighth note (â™ ª) gets 1 beat. Fà ¼r Elise is a rondo, with a A–B–A–C–A structure. In other words, its first section (main theme A) is repeated between its other sections (themes B and C). The first section is the famous melody that everyone knows, with the right hand playing the melody itself and with the left hand playing arpeggios (chords played note by note instead of all at once). The other sections are more challenging, incorporating the keys E major, C major, G major, and F major. The repeated central theme's A minor key builds a melancholy, longing mood. However, Fà ¼r Elise's other themes are in complete contrast to the main theme, creating a sense of whimsy, unpredictability, and playfulness. What's the Musical Style of Fà ¼r Elise? Fà ¼r Elise is part of the Romantic music movement that developed in the late 18th and early 19th century in Europe along with Romanticism in the arts in general. Note that capital-R Romanticism has nothing to do with small-r romance. Instead, Romantic music was characterized by ideas of revolting against Industrial Revolution and the perceived triumph of hyper-rationalism. Romanticism instead embraced a preoccupation with nature, an imagined glorious past, and beautifully terrifying and unknowable spiritual and emotional experiences. We can see some of this in the way Fà ¼r Elise shuttles back and forth between the forlorn plea of the repeated main theme and the sudden, mercurial shifts in tone of the B and C themes. Romanticism is like a storm: moody, unpredictable, wild, and dominating puny humans. 8 Tips for Learning to Play Fà ¼r Elise Have you decided to learn how to play Fà ¼r Elise on the piano? Here are some things to keep in mind! Are You a Beginner? Because the most famous part of Fà ¼r Elise - the main theme - is reasonably easy to play, many piano teachers assign just that first part of the piece to their students early on in their piano learning. Not only is it not technically difficult, but it also provides a good basic exercise for piano pedaling technique. Here's some advice for mastering the piece: Watch out for tricky fingering. In this piece, precise finger position is key to the flow of the right-hand melody and the support of the left-hand arpeggios. You may want to write out each note’s fingering in your score to help you articulate the music well. Legato, legato, legato. Think of the left-hand’s arpeggios as almost-chords. You should play them as smoothly as possible, gliding each note into the next. Imagine playing the piece as if you're trying to demonstrate perpetual motion. Your gently flowing tempo and legato should unite to let the melody shine. Imagine a conversation between right and left. Start by practicing hands separately. Then, when you're combining them, listen to the way the left and right hands reply to each other - it's almost a series of call-and-response questions, or a plaintive conversation. To articulate this, carry your legato over from the right hand to the left and vice versa, and do not privilege one hand over the other in volume or tempo. Don't rush. Even after you've learned the melody, you have to keep your tempo slow to convey the wistful and sad mood. Beethoven marked the tempo as "molto grazioso," meaning a deeply graceful and even speed. Are You Playing at an Intermediate Level? If you're learning all three section of Fà ¼r Elise, here are tips to help you: Learn the sections in order of difficulty. As we've already seen, theme A is the least technically challenging. The most technically difficult section is the B theme, so you may want to save that one for last. Learn each section on its own, phrase by phrase. Rely on repetition for easier memorizing. The rondo form makes learning the piece by heart much easier, since 3 out of 5 sections are the same. Focus on the transitions between the sections to confidently go in and out of each. Stress the contrast. Fà ¼r Elise is marked by the shifting tones and moods of its three sections. Maintain the contrast demanded by the different sections, and connect your playing with the mood you want to convey. Are You an Advanced Musician? At this point in your musical career, you're no longer as worried about physically being able to carry the piece from sheet music to keyboard. Instead, here are some thoughts about your main challenges: Proper wrist placement. For an even smoother performance, you may want to rethink the way you hold your wrists and how to relieve tension in them while playing. This blog post has some very helpful pointers. Make your mark, find your voice. The biggest challenge for those who can readily overcome the technical challenges is that Fà ¼r Elise is everywhere and has been interpreted many, many times over. How do you bring your own quality to such a widely known work? You may want to simply avoid other interpretations while working on a piece, so that someone else's vision doesn't influence your version. Think deeply about what you want to convey, and which aspects of Beethoven's music you want to illuminate. Let these ideas be the guiding principles of your interpretation. All together now! Where Can I Find Fà ¼r Elise Sheet Music? For beginners. If you'd like a version that has only the first section, clearly labels each note with its corresponding key, and leaves out the sustains, check out this easy piano rendition. For more advanced players. If you're looking for sheet music to learn to play the piece, you can use this printable very cleanly edited PDF version. For research and study. If you are curious about the first printed version that has the D in the 7th measure instead of the E as we now accept, explore a PDF of a potentially misprinted publication. Or you can check out the draft in Beethoven’s hand that informs how we play the piece now. Fà ¼r Elise in the World I wasn't exaggerating when I said that Fà ¼r Elise is now everywhere. Here are some of the more and less unlikely places it has turned up: Garbage trucks in Taiwan use the tune, as part of that country's completely revolutionary approach to dealing with waste. Check out the 99% Invisible podcast for more of this great story. American rapper Nas built his 2002 song "I Can" around samples of this piece. Elephant, Gus Van Sant's 2003 movie about teenage alienation, used Fà ¼r Elise as a haunting refrain. The Peanuts character Schroeder performs the piece in A Charlie Brown Christmas. The Takeaway: 9 Amazing Fà ¼r Elise Facts Fà ¼r Elise was lost for over 50 years until a musicologist found it and published it after Beethoven's death. And then that final draft copy was lost again and has never been found. We do still have an earlier draft copy of Fà ¼r Elise in Beethoven's hand, but that one isn't labeled "Fà ¼r Elise." No one knows who Elise really was! But most likely, she was Therese Malfatti, the woman who broke Beethoven's heart. Fà ¼r Elise is versatile enough to have been musically reinterpreted as blues and ragtime, and used as a sample in a Nas song. There are actually three separate sections in Fà ¼r Elise: the first, most famous section repeats between two other sections. As part of the Romantic music movement that explored beautifully terrifying and unknowable spiritual and emotional experiences, Fà ¼r Elise contrasts the sad wistfulness of its main theme with the unpredictable wildness of its other two themes. Part of the reason Fà ¼r Elise remains so popular is that piano teachers the world over assign its first section to their beginner students. Because there are so many versions of Fà ¼r Elise out there, it can be very hard for professional musicians to put their own spin on this work. Garbage trucks in Taiwan use Fà ¼r Elise to let people know that the garbage pickup is happening, in kind of same the way ice cream trucks use tunes in the U.S. to get people to line up for frozen dessert.

Street art Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Street art - Research Paper Example The traditional graffiti have been increasingly espoused as a technique of advertising, and its trajectory leading its artists perform their tasks on contract basis as graphic artists for corporations in some particular cases. The street art is in itself a paradigm of hybridism in the global visual culture, a postmodern genre that is distinguished by real-time practice than by the sense of unified theory, movement, or message. This artistic work is a community of practice with its own learned, rules, codes, techniques of communication, and hierarchies of prestige. Historical analysis explains that the street art movement all began in New York in the 1960s by young adults who sprayed words and together with other images on the walls and trains. Their artistic paintings appeared impressive with colorful and energetic styles, and were hence called graffiti. Ideally, such paintings were seen by that society as an expression of the youths to rebel against the society and to reject the set rules of the country. Street art begun as an underground, anarchic, in-your-face appropriation of the public visual surfaces, and has now become a major part of visual space in several towns and cities, and recognized as an art movement crossing over into the museum and gallery system. Traditionally, the graffiti artists primarily used their free-hand aerosol paints to produce their works but have currently transformed used to the innovations brought about by the technologically developments to include other media and techniques.

Historical Figures and their impact on American History Essay - 1

Historical Figures and their impact on American History - Essay Example The biggest moment in Jackson’s military career was his defeat of British forces at the Battle of New Orleans in 1815, which helped restore the nation’s pride. Even though this was the last engagement with the British in the military, he was also involved with many military engagements with Indian tribes that were in the region. After the fall of the British, he began to step in and participate in the arena of politics. He first ran as the presidential candidate in 1824 against John Quincy Adams; he lost. He had won most of the popular vote, but did not receive the electoral majority. He ran again in 1829 and finally won the election. The biggest thing in his favor was he was considered to be â€Å"a friend to the common man† having been the only one of the first elected presidents to not come from aristocracy. His biggest and longest contribution to the economic system of America was the abolishment and reformation of the bank of the United States. He felt that the economic systems of America had to be concentrated and that the economic policies swayed too much power over Congress. He was also known for the Indian Removal Act in 1830. It allowed the federal government to negotiate for land outside the US territory and eventually forced the Indians further west. Although Jackson was able to create a better society for those of the lower classes, he made many enemies which is what eventually lead to his assassination attempt in 1835. Jackson died on June 8, 1845 in Nashville, Tennessee. Even though he died, his strong will was considered by many to be the start of what would become Manifest Destiny in American exploration west (â€Å"Andrew Jackson Biography†). Although not one of the more popular ideas which arose from his presidency... After the fall of the British, he began to step in and participate in the arena of politics. He first ran as the presidential candidate in 1824 against John Quincy Adams; he lost. He had won most of the popular vote but did not receive the electoral majority. He ran again in 1829 and finally won the election. The biggest thing in his favor was he was considered to be â€Å"a friend to the common man† has been the only one of the first elected presidents to not come from the aristocracy. His biggest and longest contribution to the economic system of America was the abolishment and reformation of the bank of the United States. He felt that the economic systems of America had to be concentrated and that the economic policies swayed too much power over Congress. He was also known for the Indian Removal Act in 1830. It allowed the federal government to negotiate for land outside the US territory and eventually forced the Indians further west. Although Jackson was able to create a b etter society for those of the lower classes, he made many enemies which are what eventually lead to his assassination attempt in 1835. Jackson died on June 8, 1845, in Nashville, Tennessee. Even though he died, his strong will was considered by many to be the start of what would become Manifest Destiny in American exploration west. Although not one of the more popular ideas which arose from his presidency was the concept of the spoils system. The spoils system was a way of rewarding those who were loyal to the political party which wins the election.

English Language Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

English Language - Essay Example In context of the communicative approach to language learning, I would like to start touching upon the models proposed by Krashen as far as motivation and effectiveness of technology in teaching goes. This will lay the structure for us to consider the nuances of shared reading in the linguistic context. (Mercer et al, 1996) The first model is called affective filter hypothesis. We will study this model from the perspective of bilingualism. It has been assumed that every child has a first language before he or she knows it. But we must remember, there are also many homes in various parts of the world where children are brought up with a more or less equitable exposure to two and sometimes, even three languages – both in the written and spoken forms. For example, an average curriculum in India for any school includes English as well as a second language, which is more often than not Hindi (the national language), and finally a third language until the age of 13 (this is generally the regional or local language). Therefore, to study this hypothesis we must keep in mind that there are individuals who grow up with equally strong holds over two or even more languages. (Mercer et al, 1996) To begin with this hypothesis works on the assumption that there is a filter in every individual’s mind that impedes the process of the second (or third) language or L2 entering into one’s awareness. The elements that are required to cross this phase include relaxing techniques and the creation of a congenial learning environment. A congenial environment more often than not signifies cooperation and a certain comfort level in carrying out various reading and writing exercises. This further sets the platform for shared reading. It is therefore, an accepted fact that shared reading must be initiated among children when they are very small as this is the time when they are the least intimidated by interaction with other

Talent Management for Ang Mo Kio- Thye Hua Kwan Hospital Dissertation

Talent Management for Ang Mo Kio- Thye Hua Kwan Hospital - Dissertation Example initions 2.3 Talent Management Frameworks 2.4 Talent Management Techniques  Vs  Replacement Planning and Succession Planning Techniques 2.5 Key Success Factors for Talent Management PART 2: Talent Management and Organizational Performance 2.6 Does the employee attitude towards Talent Management affect their performance? 2.7 Does the managers' attitude towards Talent Management affect their employees performance 2.8 Is there alignment between what employees perceive and what the managers practice? 2.9 Employee Motivation and Productivity and How to Enhance These 2.9.1 Employee Motivation and Factors that affect it 2.9.2 How to Enhance Employee Performance by Enhancing Motivation Chapter 3: Research Questions and Hypotheses Chapter 4: Research Methodology 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Choice of Methodology 4.3 Population and Sampling 4.4 Research Instruments 4.5 Procedure 4.6 Data Analysis 4.7 Ethical Considerations Chapter 5: Results 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Results 5.2.1 Impact of Perception of Talent Management Practices on Motivation and Satisfaction of the Employees 5.2.2 The Impact of Managers’ Perception of Talent Management Practices on Business Performance 5.2.3 Comparison of Employees and Managers’ Perceptions 5.2.4 The Impact of the difference in the managers’ and the employees’ perception of the talent management practices on the business performance Chapter 6: Discussion 6.1 Impact of Perception of Talent Management Practices on Motivation and Satisfaction of the Employees 6.2 The Impact of Managers’ Perception of Talent Management Practices on Business Performance 6.3 Comparison of Employees and Managers’ Perceptions 6.4 Managers Recognize Employees’ Strengths and Weaknesses 6.5 Challenges for the Organization Chapter 7: Conclusions 7.1 Summary of Findings... According to the research with the rapid advancement of business potential owing to the globalization and enhanced communication and Information technology, there is felt a need to develop human resources that are highly professional, skilled and apt to help any organization make a difference in the competitive market. The medical organizations, especially in the case of hospitals, need to enhance their competence while maintain their professional and ethical standards to serve the customers better. The growth in technological investment that is needed to remain viable for the hospitals has put additional cost pressures on them. Also, the highly mobile nature of medical professionals has required that the hospitals be prepared to develop job packages that are lucrative and attractive and that can keep the employees satisfied and motivated. The concept of talent management – or managing the entire talent pool in an organization from selection, to training and development and mo tivation – is readily applicable in the context of the health organizations. The premise for investing in talent management is that the organizational resources, capital or technological, are only one aspect for the organizational success. The main organizational resource is the human capital as the quality of people an organization employs largely dictates the quality of output and competitive advantage that it may enjoy. It therefore makes sense to focus on talent management in any organization and more specifically in the case of health organizations as much of the work involves human centered activities.

Discussion questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Discussion questions - Assignment Example This can be configured for the home setting so that it can include easy access to different personal files. The same can be done at school setting. It can be configured to include access to student records, for instance. The differences are in the actual content and security access measures. †¢ Internet Explorer is often updated. Imagine you need to explain to a CIO what needs to be explored before deciding whether he / she would need to adopt the new version or stay with the old version and why. The CIO must explore the benefits and drawbacks of IE 8 and to consider how they will affect the business. For instance, the advantages of IE 8 are security because of Smart Screen filter and other built-in security features, reliability, such as through Automatic Crash Recovery, manageability through manageability features, and accurately displaying Web content. Its drawbacks are: 1) as a closed-source system, to have add-ons means paying for a license and 2) it still has security issues. The CIO must think about the time and costs for the adoption of IE 8. †¢ The text implies that restricting the applications users can run on their computers creates a consistent workstation environment and provides increased security. As a CIO, take a position on this topic and support your position with supporting examples. How would your response differ if you were an end user? This is good if only one group of people accesses the computers. What if aside from IT, engineers also need access to the system? Should engineers ask for permission and access every time they need these computers? These restrictions will affect overall productivity. Security should not sacrifice the efficiency and effectiveness of the company as a whole. Restrictions must not be too limited, especially to those who need to use the computers for their various workplace needs. Employees should be able to use these computers according to their functions and security

Communicating a Strategic Plan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Communicating a Strategic Plan - Research Paper Example Since there are several functional areas that need to be synchronized for cohesive functioning as per the updated strategic plan, communication across entire organization becomes extremely important and necessary. Usually, a strategic plan needs to be updated and communicated from the top person of the organization such as Managing Director or Chief Executive Officer of the company to bring entire organization in a single common platform so that each functional area clearly understands how and in what way to proceed for the overall goal achievements. It is extremely important that all departments and sections of the organization perform and function in a most cohesive and synchronized way and that is possible only when the top person of the organization keeps on not only updating the strategic plan but also communicating to them its importance and likely impact on the

Discussion questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Discussion questions - Assignment Example This can be configured for the home setting so that it can include easy access to different personal files. The same can be done at school setting. It can be configured to include access to student records, for instance. The differences are in the actual content and security access measures. †¢ Internet Explorer is often updated. Imagine you need to explain to a CIO what needs to be explored before deciding whether he / she would need to adopt the new version or stay with the old version and why. The CIO must explore the benefits and drawbacks of IE 8 and to consider how they will affect the business. For instance, the advantages of IE 8 are security because of Smart Screen filter and other built-in security features, reliability, such as through Automatic Crash Recovery, manageability through manageability features, and accurately displaying Web content. Its drawbacks are: 1) as a closed-source system, to have add-ons means paying for a license and 2) it still has security issues. The CIO must think about the time and costs for the adoption of IE 8. †¢ The text implies that restricting the applications users can run on their computers creates a consistent workstation environment and provides increased security. As a CIO, take a position on this topic and support your position with supporting examples. How would your response differ if you were an end user? This is good if only one group of people accesses the computers. What if aside from IT, engineers also need access to the system? Should engineers ask for permission and access every time they need these computers? These restrictions will affect overall productivity. Security should not sacrifice the efficiency and effectiveness of the company as a whole. Restrictions must not be too limited, especially to those who need to use the computers for their various workplace needs. Employees should be able to use these computers according to their functions and security

Eth125 Diversity Worksheet Essay Example for Free

Eth125 Diversity Worksheet Essay Answer each question in 50 to 150 words. Provide citations for all the sources you use. 1. What is diversity? Why is diversity valued? Diversity is having variety. Diversity is valued because there are all sorts of ethnic groups, races, household income ranges, etc. Diversity can be classified as basically what runs our countries economy in a way if you just think about it. All these races and ethnic groups with a various range of incomes and the more money made, the more money spent, which in return boosts our economy. 2. What is ethnocentrism? In what ways can ethnocentrism be detrimental to a society? Ethnocentrism is the belief in the superiority of the nation or group to which someone belongs. It can be detrimental to society because there are groups and people out there that don’t believe that the nation is superior and that everyone just needs to live their own lives not caring about anyone else. Some people have a negative attitude towards superiority in the nation and it’s government as a result of what our government does and what it doesn’t do also. Like people think the government is trying to take everyones homes away from them as a result of the government raising property taxes which is just plain stupid because there are so many low income families that can’t afford property taxes as it is and there’s going to end up being a lot of bank owned homes all over the U. S. if they keep raising taxes and what not. That’s the perspective I have on it. 3. Define emigration and immigration. Emigration is when someone intentionally moves from their home country to permanently settle in another. Immigration is when someone or a group of people move into another country or region to which they are not native in order to settle there. 4. What are some of the ways groups of people are identified? Ways groups are identified are race, ethnicity, religion and gender. 5. Why do people label and group other people? People label and group other people in order to give them a distinct identity in the society. Labeling can be both positive and negative to the individual that is being labeled. 6. Define culture. Is culture limited to racial and ethnic backgrounds? Explain. Culture is the behaviors and beliefs that are characteristic of a particular social, ethnic, or age group. No, culture is not limited to racial and ethnic backgrounds as its a multi-layered property of our societies and people from other cultures are also influenced by the many groups of people that make up the country.

A History Of Air Pollution In Pietermaritzburg Environmental Sciences Essay

A History Of Air Pollution In Pietermaritzburg Environmental Sciences Essay There is enough scientific evidence from various sources to support the fact that Pietermaritzburg is plagued by air pollution, which is worsened by the topography of the city. There is also much research proving the link between air pollution and asthma. Recent trials show, that not only does air pollution exacerbate asthma, it can actually cause asthma. However, there needs to be further research and trials done to scientifically prove this point. Medical statistics are extremely hard to come by in South Africa, which makes proving the link between air pollution causing asthma difficult. However, there is substantial evidence showing how air pollution triggers asthma attacks and makes them more severe. Air Pollution in Pietermaritzburg: History Past to Present day: Air pollution in Pietermaritzburg is not a new problem. There are over two-hundred newspaper articles in the Witness Newspaper Archives, dating back from the 1980s to present day, reporting on this issue. Old and current photographs of the city often show smog hanging over Pietermaritzburg. In the past, air pollution was caused mainly by cooking fires. However, todays pollution has the added toxicity of man-made pollution from factories and motor vehicles (Banfield, 1992). Twenty percent of Pietermaritzburg residents are affected by air pollution compared to five percent elsewhere in South Africa (Banfield, 1992). Pietermaritzburgs air is monitored by the Msunduzi Municipality, which has recorded that the citys air contains the following pollutants: particulate matter, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen (oxides), ozone, carbon monoxide and many other harmful gases (Anthony, Nov 2007 and June 2007). Figure 1: Showing the smog formation over Pietermaritzburg: (The Witness Newspaper, 28 June 2008) (Wilson, 2008) Location of Pietermaritzburg: Pietermaritzburg, owing to bad town planning, has all of its main industry and landfill site in the citys bowl. This has resulted in a worsening of air pollution. The N3 highway runs straight through the heart of Pietermaritzburg, as the number of large trucks and vehicles increase, so do the emissions from these vehicles. The timber plantations on the escarpment of the citys basin and sugar plantations on the hilltops, add to the pollution in Pietermaritzburg as these plantations need to be burnt as routine farming practice. (Anthony, Nov 2007 and June 2007) Pietermaritzburgs geographical position in a valley causes a temperature inversion to occur. A temperature inversion is not a normal phenomenon, it only occurs in a valley (such as Pietermaritzburg) and the effect is worsened in winter. The cold air sinks down the sides of the valley and remains on the base of the valley frost may form here. The warm air (along with pollutants) then rises and stops half way up the valley slope to form a thermal belt. This belt traps pollutants and enhances their bad properties and negative health impacts, as the pollutants are not able to escape and they remain over the city and cause health hazardous smog to form. The diagrams below show the effect of the Temperature Inversion in Pietermaritzburg: (Sherriffs, 1989) Major Contributors of Air Pollution: The major contributors of air pollution in Pietermaritzburg are: emissions from industry, motor vehicles, fires at the landfill site and the burning of timber plantations and sugarcane plantations (Anthony, Nov 2007 and June 2007). Major industry, such as FFS Refiners, is guilty of adding to the pollution problem of Pietermaritzburgs air. Below are two graphs showing two of the major pollutants specific to the triggering and severity of asthma: Figure 2: Graph showing the daily averages and acceptable level (in red) of Particulate Matter (air pollution) in Pietermaritzburgs air (Anthony, Nov 2007 and June 2007) Figure 3: Graph showing the daily averages and acceptable level (in red) of Carbon Monoxide (air pollution) in Pietermaritzburgs air (Anthony, Nov 2007 and June 2007) In both graphs pollutants exceed the acceptable national pollution guidelines (highlighted in red) in the months of June and July (winter months) this is owing to the temperature inversion which worsens the pollution problem. Health Problems: Asthma is a chronic health condition, which causes inflammation and narrowing of the lungs airways, which causes difficulty in breathing for the patient and the patient may develop a dry, wheezy cough. Pollutants cause the restriction of the airways, as the pollution particles aggravate the airways of the lungs. Dr R.Gilbert, a general practitioner in Pietermaritzburg with an interest in asthma, states that the number of asthma patients that he treats is much higher than one would expect to find in a town the size of Pietermaritzburg. Dr Gilbert mentioned that Dr W.Robates, an ENT specialist, and Dr A.F.Jooma, a paediatrician, supported his views that the air pollution in Pietermaritzburg is a very real problem, which, without doubt, has a significant effect on the control and severity of asthma. He also states that many of his patients who leave Pietermaritzburg for significant lengths of time and then return often do not suffer from their asthma condition while out of the city. However, on returning, their allergies and asthma symptoms reoccur (Gilbert, 2010, Robates, 2010 and Jooma, 2010). In a telephonic interview with Umbalica Balrashie, the regional sales manager for Glaxo Smith Kline, a leading pharmaceutical company which promotes asthma products, information was provided noting that the three highest sales areas for asthma medication in Kwa-Zulu Natal are Richards Bay, Durban South and Pietermaritzburg. Both Richards Bay and Durban South are highly industrialised areas with significant air pollution emissions, when compared to Pietermaritzburg but owing to Pietermaritzburgs temperature inversion, the pollutants are intensified and therefore, the triggering and severity of asthma attacks in Pietermaritzburg are equal to these two industrialised areas (Balrashie, 2010). Community Views and Issues: Many residents in Pietermaritzburg have complained about the issue of air pollution in the city. In the year 1993, Pietermaritzburg residents spent nearly R1,5 million on asthma medication, stating that the citys pollution has significantly contributed to these costs (Quinlain, 1993). There have been many cases reported of families moving to Pietermaritzburg, and developing asthma or suffering from worsening existing asthma conditions, simply owing to the exposure and intensity of the citys air pollution, which is enhanced and worsened by the temperature inversion. Residents in Pietermaritzburg have complained continuously about the state of the citys air. However, the Msunduzi Municipality have done little about the pollution levels, as these levels of emissions are under the accepted and legal levels during most of the year. What the municipality has failed to promote to National Government is the fact that Pietermaritzburg is situated in a valley which causes a temperature inversion, ultimately worsening the levels of pollutants hanging above the city (in smog). This results in the pollutants being trapped over Pietermaritzburg. Industry and the Local Governments Role: Industry is responsible for the output of toxic emissions, which need to be monitored. Local Government need to take a more stringent and committed stance in relation to industry emission levels. The government needs to create awareness about air pollution and its negative health effects. Car emissions are great contributors to health problems (such as asthma). Pollution warning systems have been taught to the public in the United Kingdom (UK) by the government. South Africa needs to do the same (Hutton, 2010). The South African government has recently (March 2010) invested in a new air quality monitoring system (ODonnell, 2010), which monitors the amount of pollutants in the air and the quality of air (whether good or bad). The major areas of concern that need air-quality assessment and monitoring include transportation areas such as highway routes and main roads, urban areas, municipalities and local community exposure. (ODonnell, 2010) this suggests that Pietermaritzburg should be monitored closely along the main highway through the city and where industry is situated. However, for this to be successful, the local government needs to maintain the monitoring system and it costs a lot of money. This maintenance of the monitoring system needs to be put into South Africas yearly budget for the municipalities. National government needs to constantly assess the problematic pollution cities, such as Pietermaritzburg. This monitoring system should show improvement in the air. If not, the government can ascertain from the monitoring system which pollutants are most rife and where they are being emitted from. National government, together with Local government, could then work on strategies to lower the toxic emissions which ultimately cause health problems. Solutions: N3 Highway The N3 highway is a problem as heavy duty trucks create huge emissions. The railroads should be reintroduced to transport containers from Durban Harbour to Johannesburg. This would dramatically reduce the number of big trucks on the highway and as they often travel in the early hours of the morning, air pollution would be reduced as the temperature inversion is most significant in the early hours of the morning. Industry Local Government needs to work with industry in Pietermaritzburg to improve the amount of emissions that factories produce. As discussed, in an interview with Mr J.Pather, the Head of Environmental Health Services at Msunduzi Municipality, industry have complied in many instances to reduce emissions. From information supplied by Mr C.J.Anthony, Pollution Control Coordinator at Msunduzi Municipality, many specific air pollution issues have been dealt with. For example, Greys hospitals oil furnace has been replaced with paraffin (Anthony, Nov 2007 and June 2007). No further industry should be built in the citys bowl, this will contain the present air pollution. Pietermaritzburgs New England Landfill Site The New England Landfill Site needs to be moved out of the citys bowl. The particulate fall out is unacceptable and because of the temperature inversion, the pollution emissions are worsened. The municipality has attempted to improve conditions but the fact is that the landfill site needs to be moved elsewhere. Burning There are strict regulations concerning the burning of forests and sugarcane. These need to be monitored and implemented to prevent fire emissions in the wrong seasons. Monitoring National Government needs to work closely with Local Government and provide funds which will allow the municipality to upgrade and maintain air pollution monitoring equipment. Constraints: Economic Msunduzi Municipality is in a crisis. The control of air pollution is a low priority at present. It would be a huge expense to fix railroads and to move the Landfill Site. Pietermaritzburg lacks both funds and skills to drive the concept of clean air. Environmental Pietermaritzburg is surrounded by timber plantations and sugarcane farms. This cannot be changed. Conclusion: It is scientifically proven that air pollution triggers and increases the severity of asthma attacks. The link between air pollution and asthma is an accepted fact by specialists throughout the world. In recent years scientists have shown that air pollution from cars, factories and power plants is a major cause of asthma attacks. Further research is currently underway in the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States of America (USA) to prove this theory. Pietermaritzburg has high levels of particulate matter and ozone which are two pollutants directly responsible for the triggering of asthma attacks. The temperature inversion in Pietermaritzburg is a known geographical fact which worsens the pollution significantly. It is therefore scientifically correct to state that air pollution in Pietermaritzburg is worsened by the temperature inversion and this air pollution triggers and worsens asthma attacks.

juan peron Essay examples -- essays research papers

Juan Domingo Perà ³n is known as the greatest Argentinean politician of all time. However, he is also one of he most controversial. His tactics and alliances are often criticized as are the changes and developments he brought about in Argentina. The one thing that can be concluded by all is that this man led a very complex and important life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Perà ³n was born on October 8, 1895, in a province of Buenos Aires. He was the second son of Mario and Juana Perà ³n. His father was an employee of the local court. When Juan was five years old his father abandoned the family. To make ends meet, Juana married a man whom was a farm hand. When he was ten he went to live with his uncle in Buenos Aires so that he could begin his formal education. Perà ³n was not an outstanding student but he always managed to pass. Juan’s military career started at age 16. Juan went on to study at the National Military Academy. He graduated in 1915 as a second lieutenant. His military career was now off and running. It is not really known why he decided to join the military. Some think it was because he needed discipline in his life, while others think it was to help him in gaining power. The early parts of his military career were ordinary. After the revolution of 1943 Juan Perà ³n shared control of the Argentinean government. Under Pedro Ramirez, Perà ³n held three cabinet positions. With that he saw an opportunity. He did many reform programs and won a lot of the support of labor unio...

The Need for Capital Punishment in America Essay examples -- Capital Pu

It is the firm belief and position here that committing such a crime as murder is punishable by death. Americans should take a position for anyone on death row, to be executed sooner rather than later. The moral reality in an argument for capital punishment is that they know the difference between the death penalty and what happens when it is actually put into place from the court of law. In the United States there are more people sitting in prison on death row than actually being executed at time of sentence. When the death penalty is not carried out, then families of the murdered victim recognize the value of the victim’s life is insignificant and the person that has committed the crime has the greater life of being able to continue living while in prison on death row. Many people argue for the death penalty with the case that is someone commits a violent crime, they should be put to death. Should anyone argue that if you take a human life, they will be able to live in prison and serve time and live, not to die by lethal injection or any of the other forms of capital punishment immediately? The argument for anyone in prison to not be punished and put to death is a crime w ithin itself. It is the belief of many that capital punishment is cruel and unjust. Although others would state the opposite to say that if you have committed murder, you to shall be put to death. In America anyone can have a right to believe that someone should live even if they have committed murder, especially if they have asked for forgiveness and all has been forgiven. Can it be justified that if anyone commits murder and then asked for forgiveness they be allowed to live and not be punished? Justice must be served here on earth as well as after deat... ... or disobeys God’s way in committing premeditated murder or involuntary manslaughter should be put to death immediately. Works Cited Adams, Cindy. â€Å"The Death Penalty as Just Punishment.† Does Capital Punishment Deter or is it a Biased Process? 3 Sept. 2008. 30 May 2010 . Andre, Claire, and Manuel Velasquez. â€Å"Capital Punishment.† Our Duty or Our Doom. 12 May 2010. 30 May 2010 . Colson, Charles W. â€Å"Capital Punishment.† The Rutherford Institute. 11 Nov. 2002. 30 May 2010 . Steiker, Carol S. â€Å"Capital Punishment and American Exceptionalism.† 2005. 30 May 2010 .

Banh Xeo an La Ghien

Executive Summary This report will discuss about ‘An La Ghien’ Restaurants (Dang Truong Ltd Company) in Vietnam. These restaurants provide to consumers Banh Xeo, which is one of the most famous traditional food in Vietnam. Firstly, the report will mention about the background of the company. Due to the passion of the traditional food of the owners and the high demand of tradition food in Vietnam, Dang Truong Ltd Company opened their first ‘An La Ghien’ Restaurant in Ho Chi Minh City. Secondly, the innovation of the owners that adds the value to the success of the company is also discussed.Their Innovation type is Duplication. Next, the report will analyze the strategies that the firm has applied that are Product & market development strategy, Positioning & differentiation strategies, store expansion and brand building. The last part is some recommendation that the firm should concern to continue growing and expanding in this industry. Contents Executive Summ ary3 I. Introduction:5 II. Company Background:5 III. Innovation:6 IV. Business Strategies and Success Factors:8 a)Product and market development strategy:8 b)Positioning and Differentiation strategies:8 c)The Store Expansion Strategy:10 )Building a strong brandname:10 V. Recommendation:11 a)Geography Expansion Strategy:11 b)Promotional Mix:11 VI. Conclusion:12 VII. Reference List:13 Introduction: Dang Truong Ltd Company or ‘An La Ghien’ Restaurant has opened since 2008. It was established by Mr. Dang Hoai Phong and her wife, Truong Thi Thanh Truc, because of their traditional food passion. ‘An La Ghien’ provides many kind of ‘Banh Xeo’, a kind of Vietnamese traditional pancakes. With the unique taste of their products, Banh Xeo â€Å"An La Ghien† has become one of the famous traditional food restaurants brand names in Ho Chi Minh City after 5 years operation.Until now, Dang Truong Company has 4 ‘An La Ghien’ Branches along H o Chi Minh City. According to Huy Hiep (2010) ‘An La Ghien’ restaurant becomes one of the top 10 distinctive food restaurants of Ho Chi Minh City. This document will analyse the strategy of the company and the critical success factors that has led â€Å"An La Ghien† to survive and grow rapidly. Moreover, it also gives the recommendations for the company in order to sustain their growth. Figure 1: Reproduced from: An La Ghien restaurant 2008 Company Background: It can be seen that â€Å"Banh Xeo† is a traditional food of Vietnam; it was highly accepted by Vietnamese for a long time ago.People who live in Ho Chi Minh City are mostly from countryside of Vietnam, they migrate to Ho Chi Minh City in order to work and live. Therefore, those people always miss the taste of countryside foods. It has led to the high demand of Banh Xeo that has traditional taste, countryside taste. Moreover, the tourism of Vietnam has been developed rapidly in recently years. It is the fastest growth in ASEA (My Hanh 2010). It means the number of tourist come to Vietnam is increased. Furthermore, foreign tourists always want to try Vietnamese traditional food and have countryside sightseeing. According to Ngan Hao (2010), Mr.Phong and Mrs. Truc, the owners of â€Å"An La Ghien† Restaurants, are from the South-Western of Vietnam where is known as the original place of â€Å"Banh Xeo†. In the past, family of Mr. Phong and Mrs. Truc had tradition of making Banh Xeo, so they have the hereditary formula for making origianal ‘Banh Xeo’. With above condition of development of tourism and high demand of traditional foods in Ho Chi Minh City, ‘An La Ghien’ Restaurant was opened the first branch in 2008 by Mr. Phong and Mrs. Truc. With that hereditary formula, Banh Xeo of â€Å"An La Ghien† is very crisp; it has a unique flavor and traditional taste.Besides the unique taste, the firm are design follow the countryside style; all of tables, chairs are made from bamboo. It attracts a huge amount of foreign customers come to â€Å"An La Ghien† restaurants. [pic] Figure 2: Reproduced from An La Ghien 2008 Innovation: The factor that contributed in the success of â€Å"An La Ghien† Restaurants is Innovation in Thinking. Innovation is the development of original ideas that create a new, better things (McShane & Travaglione 2007). With the Innovation of Mrs. Truc and the group of chef of â€Å"An La Ghien† restaurants, they have created many ideas of making â€Å"Banh Xeo†.In tradition, there is only one kind of Banh Xeo that is made from rice powder, shrimp, pork and bean sprouts. Adopting the ideas from making pizzas, â€Å"An La Ghien† has try to apply many new kind materials in order to create a new kind of Banh Xeo. Untill now, there are approximately 10 kinds of Banh Xeo in â€Å"An La Ghien† restaurants, for example, White crab mushroom Banh Xeo, Japanese Abalo n Mushroom Banh Xeo and Day-Lily Flower Banh Xeo. [pic] Figure 3: Adopted from An La Ghien website (2008) All kinds of new Banh Xeo that are created by â€Å"An La Ghien† are very delicious, good for the health.The Innovation of â€Å"An La Ghien† restaurants has strengthened the product development strategy of the company, it help attracting more and more consumers by those unique products, taste and quality. The unique products are the differentiation of the company. According to Kuratko (2009) the innovation of ‘An La Ghien’ Restaurant is Duplication which is the replication of an existing product. Banh Xeo is a traditional food of Vietnam, but it has only 1 kind of Banh Xeo. ‘An La Ghien’ has used their creative thinking to create many new kinds of Banh Xeo. Business Strategies and Success Factors: Product and market development strategy:According to Kotler et al. (2006) in order to achieve profitable growth for the company, the firm must evaluate and choose the development strategies. Product and market expansion grid is the most popular tool for choosing the growth strategies. [pic] Figure 2. Product/Market expansion Grid (Reproduced from Kotler et al. 2006) It can be seen that â€Å"An La Ghien† is using both Market Penetration and Product Development strategies. â€Å"Banh Xeo† is a traditional pancake of Vietnam. It has been accepted by Vietnamese for long time ago, so the firm has used traditional â€Å"Banh Xeo† in order to penetrate Ho Chi Minh City market.Moreover, in order to attract potential customers and keep the loyal customers â€Å"An La Ghien† also uses product development strategy. It has led that the firm has created and modified many new kinds of â€Å"Banh Xeo† besides the traditional taste. Positioning and Differentiation strategies: In order to build competitive advantages, â€Å"An La Ghien† decides to use differentiation strategy in the Porter’ s Competitive Strategies (Daft 2007). It means they provide distinctive products that have high quality, unique taste to a broad targeted market. [pic] Figure 3. Porter’s Competitive Strategies (Reproduced from Daft 2007)By using Differentiation Strategy, the Firm has build for them a high position on the market because most of â€Å"Banh Xeo† providers in Ho Chi Minh City are small restaurants or Roadside restaurants. They provide â€Å"Banh Xeo† with lower quality for example, lower healthy standard. Banh Xeo â€Å"Dinh Cong Trang† Restaurant is one of the most popular Banh Xeo providers in Ho Chi Minh City. They provide high quality Banh Xeo, but they have lower service quality and less positional advantages because they have online 1 restaurant compare with 4 branches of â€Å"An La Ghien†. Figure 4. Position of â€Å"An La Ghien† on the marketThe Store Expansion Strategy: According to Strickland and Thompson (1999) by using geography ex pansion strategy, the firm will open new stores in the targeted market. It will help the company penetrate the market successfully. Dang Truong Company is also using this strategy in order to penetrate the market and build the strong brand name, competitive advantages for â€Å"An La Ghien† restaurants. After 5 years existing on the market, Dang Truong Company has had 4 â€Å"An La Ghien† branches in around Ho Chi Minh City that are District 3, District 10, District 1 and Phu Nhuan District Branches.By opening these branches, the targeted customer can easily find and come to try the products of company. It will increase the convenience of consumers and the number of loyal customers. Building a strong brandname: According to Kotler et al. (2006) â€Å"a good name can add greatly to a product’s success†. It was greatly true for â€Å"An La Ghien† restaurants. Dang Truong Company decided to name their restaurants â€Å"An La Ghien†; it was a co nfident name. That name is a Vietnamese name, it means â€Å"if you try, you will be addicted†.At the first time seeing that name, people will be shocked, feel curious and want to try in order to fulfill their curiousness. That has led the number of customers of â€Å"An La Ghien† was pretty high at some first periods operation. Moreover, combining with the unique flavor and special kinds of Banh Xeo, most of customers are satisfied or addicted after trying Banh Xeo of â€Å"An La Ghien† restaurants. â€Å"An La Ghien† restaurant received the certificate to become one of the top 10 distinctive food restaurants of Ho Chi Minh City from People’s Committee of Ho Chi Minh city in 2010 (Huy Hiep 2010).It has made â€Å"An La Ghien† become an image of popular restaurant for both foreign tourists and local people. Furthermore, in recently years, people are more concern about the safety and hygiene of food. Knowing about the trend of market, â€Å" An La Ghien† had enough condition to get certificate of achieving the hygiene and safety food standard (An La Ghien 2009). Moreover, they also participate in many Food and Beverage Fair of Vietnam. It helps raising the position of â€Å"An La Ghien† image on the market. Recommendation: After about 5 years openning, Dang Truong Company have been successful in operating â€Å"An La Ghien† Restaurants.However, in order to keep growing the business in the future, there may have some strategies that company should follow: Geography Expansion Strategy: It can be known that â€Å"An La Ghien† is using geography expansion strategy. They currently have 4 branches over Ho Chi Minh City and it helped Dang Truong to be successful on the market. However, in order to sustain the growth of their business, â€Å"An La Ghien† Restaurant should continue expanse the number of their store. The Stores Expansion will help firm reaching all of potential customers on the m arket (Strickland and Thompson 1999).Beside 4 Districts that already had â€Å"An La Ghien† branches, Dang Truong Company should open some new branches in the other districts where have high population or high number of foreigners such as district 11, district 7, Tan Binh district in order to penetrate Ho Chi Minh City Market. Starbuck is a good example of using this strategy; it was developed by Starbuck (Strickland and Thompson 1999). By using this strategy, Starbuck already had more than 16,000 stores in more than 50 countries around the world (Starbuck 2009). Until now, Starbuck is the most successful and respected coffee brandname over the world.Therefore, for continue growing in the future Dang Truong Company should open many other â€Å"An La Ghien† restaurants in other places of Vietnam such as Ha Noi, Hue after penetrate Ho Chi Minh City Market. It will help building a strong brand name for â€Å"An La Ghien† restaurants over Vietnam. Promotional Mix: A fter 5 years operation, â€Å"An La Ghien† has achieved many successes in the food industry. However, they did not really focus on their marketing plan, so Dang Truong should create a good marketing plan in order to expand the market.According to Allen (2007) Promotion Mix is a strategy that help company building relationship with customers and increase the repeat sales. †¢ Advertising: in order to create products awareness, â€Å"An La Ghien† should have an advertising plan. Therefore, the firm should choose for them the reliable media. There are some media that suitable for Dang Truong Company that is newspapers, magazines and internet. Newspapers is a cheapest media for advertising, Company can choose TuoiTre Newspaper or ThanhNien newspapers. The Company should advertise their products to foreign customer through tourist magazine.Lastly, social networks such as Facebook are become more popular in recently years, by using Internet Dang Truong Company can advert ise through social network, it is more efficient. †¢ Sales promotion: In order to increase the sales, we should create some sales promotions in the special festival or holiday of Vietnam; for example, the company can create some combos with bundle price for their food in Tet holiday, Christmas, happy new years, Valentine Day, etc. Moreover, in order to increase the repeat sales, Dang Truong Company should provide promotion to the loyal customers such as vouchers, coupon.Conclusion: Although Banh Xeo â€Å"An La Ghien† has just opened for 5 years, it has become one of the most tradition Banh Xeo restaurants in Vietnam because they had applied very well their strategies in order to grow such as product and market development strategies and Geography exapansion strategy. Besides those strategies, there are some factors that contribute in the success of the firm, for example, the innovation of the chefs, the tourism and successful brand name building. However, in order to su stain the growth of he company in the future, the firm should continue expanse their store not only in Ho Chi Minh City, but also over Vietnam. Moreover, they should apply some new strategies that are diversification strategy and doing more promotion. Reference List: Allen ,K 2007, â€Å"growing and managing a small business – an entrepreneurial perspective†, Houghton Mifflin Company, viewed 13th Jan 2013. An La Ghien Restaurant 2008, â€Å"IMG_24002†, image, An La Ghien website, viewed 12th Jan 2013, An La Ghien Restaurant 2009, â€Å"Products picture†, image, An La Ghien website, viewed 12th Jan 2013, An La Ghien Restaurant 2009, â€Å"GI?Y CH? NG NH? N AN TOAN V? SINH TH? C PH? M†, An La Ghien Website, 12th Jan 2013, Daft, R. L 2007, â€Å"Understanding the Theory and Design of Organization†, Thomson South-Western, USA, view 13th Jan 2013 Huy Hiep 2010, â€Å"100 dieu thu vi kham pha thanh pho Ho Chi Minh†, Vietnamtourism, February 27th 2010, viewed 13th Jan 2013, Kotler, P, Armstrong, G, Hoon Ang, S, Meng leong, S, Tiong Tan, C and Tse D 2006, â€Å"Principles of Marketing: An Asian perspective†, 7th edition, Pearson Education, New Jersey, viewed 14th Jan 2013.Kuratko, D. F 2009, ‘Introduction to Entrepreneurship’, 8th edition, Shouth-Western Cengage Learning, viewed 12th Jan 2013. Ngan Hao 2010, â€Å"An La Ghien Thiet! †, Kien Thuc online, January 23rd 2010, viewed 13th Jan 2013, McShane, S and Travaglione, T 2007, â€Å"Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim†, 2nd edition, McGraw Hill Australia Pty Limited, Australia, viewed 13th Jan 2013.My Hanh 2010, â€Å"Du lich Viet Nam tang truong cao†, Saigon Giai Phong online newspaper, May 8th 2010, viewed 13th Jan 2013, Starbuck 2009, â€Å"company profile†, Starbuck website, viewed 12th Jan 2013, Strickland, A. J and Thompson, A (1999), â€Å"Strategic Management†, 11th edition, The McGraw-Hill Compani es, viewed 12th Jan 2013, ———————– Price Service, products quality Banh Xeo â€Å"An La Ghien† Banh Xeo â€Å"Dinh Cong Trang† Roadside Restaurants